Summary of Legislation
Impacting Students
The recent budget reconciliation bill (H.R. 1 passed by the 119th Congress and signed into law July 4, 2025) results in several changes to Federal Student Aid. Guidance from Federal Student Aid will be shared here as it becomes available. Refer back to this page for updates.
Undergraduate Students
Parent PLUS Loan Availability
Beginning July 1, 2026, the Parent PLUS loan will have limits on borrowing.
All parents (combined) have an annual Parent PLUS loan limit of $20,000 per dependent student and a $65,000 aggregate limit per dependent student (without regard to amounts forgiven, repaid, canceled, or discharged).
A legacy provision permits parents with existing Parent PLUS loans for a dependent student to continue to borrow under current loan limits for 3 academic years or the remainder of their dependent student’s expected time to complete their current credential, whichever is less.
Loan Proration for Part-time Students
Beginning July 1, 2026, the annual loan limits for Federal Direct Loans are required to be prorated in direct proportion to the percent of full-time status the student is enrolled. Additional guidance will be forthcoming from the U.S. Department of Education that will provide more details.
Pell Grant Eligibility
Beginning July 1, 2026, the following change to Pell grant eligibility becomes effective.
Students with a Student Aid Index (SAI) exceeding twice the maximum Pell Grant award will not be eligible to receive a Federal Pell Grant.
Parent PLUS Loan FAQs
- I am a parent and I received a Parent PLUS loan before July 1, 2026. Will my limits change?
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A legacy provision permits parents with existing Parent PLUS loans for a dependent student to continue to borrow under current loan limits for 3 academic years or the remainder of their dependent student’s expected time to complete their current credential, whichever is less.
Additional guidance will be forthcoming from the U.S. Department of Education that will provide more details.
- I am a parent with multiple children in college. What are my Parent PLUS Loan limits?
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The new Parent PLUS Loan annual limit taking effect July 1, 2026 is $20,000 per dependent student. If you have two dependent undergraduate students for example, then the annual Parent PLUS limit is up to $20,000 for each student ($40,000 total).
The aggregate limit for Parent PLUS Loans will be $65,000 per dependent student.
- Both parents want to request separate Parent PLUS loans for their dependent student. What are their Parent PLUS Loan limits?
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All parents (combined) have an annual Parent PLUS loan limit of $20,000 per dependent student and a $65,000 aggregate limit per dependent student. If two parents individually apply for two separate Parent PLUS loans for the same dependent student, the combined total of the two loans cannot exceed $20,000 for the year.
- I’m a prospective undergraduate student for 2026-27. What are my loan options?
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Freshman students meeting the criteria for federal student aid may be eligible for $5,500 in the Direct Subsidized/Unsubsidized Loan. Parents of freshmen may qualify for Parent PLUS Loans up to $20,000 subject to credit approval.
If you need additional funds to assist with covering costs above the federal loan amounts listed above, or if you do not qualify for federal loans, private loans may be an option. Rice provides a historical list of lenders offering competitive rates and terms to begin your research.
Graduate & Professional Students
Graduate PLUS Loan Availability
Beginning July 1, 2026, the Graduate PLUS loan will be eliminated for new borrowing.
Graduate & professional students newly enrolled at Rice or beginning a new program on or after July 1, 2026 will not have Graduate PLUS loans available as a financial aid option.
Legacy provision: Permits students with existing Graduate PLUS loans before July 1, 2026 who borrowed during their current program of study can continue to borrow for up to three more academic years after July 1, 2026 or the remainder of their program, whichever is less.
Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loan Limits
Beginning July 1, 2026, the annual and aggregate loan limits for Federal Direct Unsubsidized Stafford Loans will vary depending on whether you are enrolled in a graduate or professional program.
Graduate programs: Annual unsubsidized loan limits are capped at $20,500 with total borrowing (aggregate limit), not including undergraduate borrowing, capped at $100,000.
Professional programs: Annual unsubsidized loan limits are capped at $50,000 with total borrowing, not including undergraduate borrowing, capped at $200,000. Please see the FAQs below for more information on how professional programs are defined.
Legacy provision: Rice students already enrolled in graduate or professional programs who have borrowed unsubsidized loans in their current program prior to July 1, 2026, will remain eligible under the existing loan limits to borrow for up to three more academic years or the remainder of their program, whichever is less. The current annual limit for federal student loans is $20,500 and the aggregate limit is $138,500 (including federal loans received for undergraduate study).
Loan Proration for Part-time Students
Beginning July 1, 2026, the annual loan limits for Federal Direct Stafford Loans are required to be prorated in direct proportion to the percent of full-time status the student is enrolled. Additional guidance will be forthcoming from the U.S. Department of Education that will provide more details.
Graduate PLUS Loan FAQs
- I’m a graduate/professional student currently enrolled for 2025-2026. May I receive a Grad PLUS Loan?
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Yes, the Grad PLUS Loan is available for the 2025-2026 academic year to current graduate & professional students.
- I am a current student enrolled in 2025-2026 in a dual degree program. How long will I have access to the
Grad PLUS Loan? -
If your current program is a graduate or professional program, then you would need to have borrowed a Grad PLUS Loan prior to July 1, 2026 toward the current program. This means you will need to borrow and receive funds during the 2025-2026 academic year to be eligible to receive a Grad PLUS loan after July 1, 2026.
Once you borrow, you can continue to take out a Graduate PLUS Loan until the scheduled length of your program ends or up to three academic years after 2025-2026, whichever is less.
Note that students may not extend their years of eligibility by enrolling in a new degree or credential beyond their current program of study.
Additional guidance will be forthcoming from the U.S. Department of Education that will provide more details.
- I’m a prospective student for 2026-2027. What are my loan options?
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Students meeting the criteria for federal student aid may be eligible for the following federal loans:
- Enrolled in a graduate program:
- Federal Direct Unsubsidized Loan: $20,500
- Enrolled in a professional program:
- Federal Direct Unsubsidized Loan: $50,000
If you need additional funds to assist with covering costs above the federal loan amounts listed above, or if you do not qualify for federal loans, private loans may be an option. Rice provides a historical list of lenders offering competitive rates and terms to begin your research.
- Enrolled in a graduate program:
- Is the program I am currently enrolled in or considering a graduate or professional program?
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The U.S. Department of Education (ED) currently defines a professional degree as, “A degree that signifies both completion of the academic requirements for beginning practice in a given profession and a level of professional skill beyond that normally required for a bachelor's degree. Professional licensure is also generally required.” ED provides examples of professional degrees as Law (J.D.), Medicine (M.D.), and Theology (M. Div), but this list is not exhaustive and is intended only for illustrative purposes.
That having been said, the final determination of which programs qualify for the professional-level loan limits under H.R. 1 will ultimately depend upon ED's interpretation of the statute and regulation. Additional guidance from ED will be forthcoming to confirm how specific programs will be designated.
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